使用本地光盘安装 PXE kickstart （自动化无人值守批量安装服务器）
好久没搞这个东西了，最近马上又要用得到，复习一下
完整的步骤记在这里，说明以后再加上
环境 Centos 6.5 ESXI 虚拟机
服务器端 安装dhcp tftp-server nfs 挂载光盘
yum install dhcp -y
cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf修改vim /etc/init.d/dhcpdvim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf# dhcpd.conf# Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd# option definitions common to all supported networks...# Use this to enble / disable dynamic dns updates globally.#ddns-update-style none;# If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local# network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented.#authoritative;# Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also# have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection).log-facility local7;# A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet.subnet 192.167.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { range 192.167.1.122 192.167.1.129; option domain-name-servers 202.106.0.20,192.167.1.104;# option domain-name "internal.example.org"; option routers 192.167.1.1;# option broadcast-address 10.5.5.31; default-lease-time 600; max-lease-time 7200; next-server 192.167.1.121; filename "pxelinux.0";} 报错 &解决办法
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yum install tftp-server -y
vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftpyum install syslinux -y
[root@ccda yum.repos.d]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/[root@ccda yum.repos.d]# cp /mnt/cdrom/isolinux/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/ [root@ccda yum.repos.d]# mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg[root@ccda yum.repos.d]# cp /mnt/cdrom/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default[root@ccda yum.repos.d]# chmod 644 /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default[root@ccda yum.repos.d]# vim /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default修改vim /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
default linux#prompt 1timeout 600display boot.msgmenu title Welcome to CentOS 6.5!label linux menu label ^Install or upgrade an existing system menu default kernel vmlinuz append initrd=initrd.img ks=nfs:192.167.1.121:/ks/ks.cfglabel rescue menu label ^Rescue installed system kernel vmlinuz append initrd=initrd.img rescue
[root@ccda yum.repos.d]# service xinetd restart
[root@ccda yum.repos.d]# service iptables stop[root@ccda yum.repos.d]# yum install system-config-kickstart -y[root@ccda yum.repos.d]# mkdir /ks[root@ccda ~]# service nfs start
[root@ccda ~]# chkconfig nfs on[root@ccda ~]# umount /dev/cdrom[root@ccda ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /media/选择--> 保存文件到 /ks 目录 名称为ks.cfg
至此kickstart 安装完毕，如果需要减轻服务器压力 可将NFS单独装一台机器分离出去
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我生成的ks文件
vim /ks/ks.cfg
#platform=x86, AMD64, 或 Intel EM64T#version=DEVEL# Firewall configurationfirewall --enabled --http --ssh# Install OS instead of upgradeinstall# Use NFS installation medianfs --server=192.167.1.121 --dir=/media# Root passwordrootpw --iscrypted $1$ZmGYyI0Q$MdJa***D999guxiZq62mM.# System authorization informationauth --useshadow --passalgo=sha512# Use graphical installgraphicalfirstboot --disable# System keyboardkeyboard us# System languagelang en_US# SELinux configurationselinux --enforcing# Installation logging levellogging --level=info# Reboot after installationreboot# System timezonetimezone Asia/Shanghai# Network informationnetwork --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=on# System bootloader configurationbootloader --location=mbr# Clear the Master Boot Recordzerombr# Partition clearing informationclearpart --all --initlabel# Disk partitioning informationpart /home --fstype="ext4" --size=10240part / --fstype="ext4" --grow --size=80000%post/sbin/chkconfig --level 2345 sshd onmkdir -p /etc/yum.repos.d/bakmv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/bakcat <> /etc/yum.repos.d/work.repo[centos_6]name=sitvsbaseurl=http://192.167.1.121/media#baseurl=http://10.10.6.52/yumdown/enabled=1gpgcheck=0EOFFILE=/opt/ifcfg-eth0IPADDR=`ifconfig eth0 | grep "inet addr" | awk '{ print $2}' | awk -F: '{print $2}'`MAC=`grep HWADDR /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0`DEVICE=`grep DEVICE /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0`TYPE=`grep TYPE /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0`NETMASK=`ifconfig eth0 | grep "inet addr" | awk '{ print $4}' | awk -F: '{print $2}'`##echo "${DEVICE}" >> ${FILE}echo "BOOTPROTO=\"static\"" >> ${FILE}echo "${MAC}" >> ${FILE}echo "NM_CONTROLLED=\"yes\"" >> ${FILE}echo "ONBOOT=\"yes\"" >> ${FILE}echo "${TYPE}" >> ${FILE}echo "IPADDR=\"192.167.1.130\"" >> ${FILE}echo "NETMASK=\"${NETMASK}\"" >> ${FILE}echo "GATEWAY=\"192.167.1.254\"" >> ${FILE}echo "DNS1=\"192.167.1.104\"" >> ${FILE}echo "DNS2=\"202.106.0.20\"" >> ${FILE}#cat ${FILE} > /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0#/etc/init.d/network restart%end%packages@base@chinese-support@scalable-file-systems%end
说明
%post/sbin/chkconfig --level 2345 sshd on
mkdir -p /etc/yum.repos.d/bak
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/bak
cat <<EOF>> /etc/yum.repos.d/work.repo[centos_6]name=sitvsbaseurl=http://192.167.1.121/media#baseurl=http://10.10.6.52/yumdown/enabled=1gpgcheck=0EOFFILE=/opt/ifcfg-eth0IPADDR=`ifconfig eth0 | grep "inet addr" | awk '{ print $2}' | awk -F: '{print $2}'`MAC=`grep HWADDR /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0`DEVICE=`grep DEVICE /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0`TYPE=`grep TYPE /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0`NETMASK=`ifconfig eth0 | grep "inet addr" | awk '{ print $4}' | awk -F: '{print $2}'` # # echo "${DEVICE}" >> ${FILE}echo "BOOTPROTO=\"static\"" >> ${FILE}echo "${MAC}" >> ${FILE}echo "NM_CONTROLLED=\"yes\"" >> ${FILE}echo "ONBOOT=\"yes\"" >> ${FILE}echo "${TYPE}" >> ${FILE}echo "IPADDR=\"192.167.1.130\"" >> ${FILE}echo "NETMASK=\"${NETMASK}\"" >> ${FILE}echo "GATEWAY=\"192.167.1.254\"" >> ${FILE}echo "DNS1=\"192.167.1.104\"" >> ${FILE}echo "DNS2=\"202.106.0.20\"" >> ${FILE}#cat ${FILE} > /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0#/etc/init.d/network restart%end
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%post---->%end 此处是安装完成执行的脚本 （要直接把脚本写在这里，不要先编辑脚本再用sh 命令执行脚本） 红色部分是配置yum源 蓝色部分是截取自动获取的IP写到网卡配置文件里，即把服务器改成固定IP （可以加上ntpdate命令同步时间）
备注：如果不确定需要安装的软件包 可以查看你其他机器上的 /root/anaconda-ks.cfg 文件中末尾@打头的报名复制到ks文件 @packages--->@end 之间
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至此客户端就可以开机自动安装系统了（保证客户机可以获取到dhcp地址）
一直在学习。。。。